Venture through the Mount Garibaldi area
Transcript
Journey through Garibaldi Park with John Davidson and the Vancouver Natural History Society: Learn about common plants of southwestern British Columbia
Introduction:
In this activity you will travel through the Garibaldi area via a series of images. Along the way, you will use items you’ve taken on your trip including a compass, a map, an aneroid barometer, a log journal and a list of species you are required to collect by putting plant samples into your vasculum.
Game aids:
Compass – For explorers, a compass reveals the direction of travel based on polar coordinates of the earth. This tool uses a fixed point, magnetic north. The direction of travel can be interpreted in relation to the fixed point.
To use this virtual compass, line up the symbol for north (N) with the red pointer of the compass arm. The direction you are heading next will then line up with the pointer at the top of the compass.
Aneroid barometer – An aneroid barometer reveals the distance above sea level based on atmospheric pressure. It must be set to zero elevation when standing at sea level in order to get accurate measurements.
The virtual aneroid barometer should be set to 0m at sea level for accurate measurements of elevation.
An aneroid barometer can also be used to determine weather patterns based on atmospheric pressure.
Archives: “Perry’s aneroid was 100ft lower reading than mine. He did not know about adjusting it at sea level.”
Binoculars – When these binoculars are present, click them to zoom in.
Hiker’s Log – Use your hiker’s log to document your observations during your exploration.
Gunpowder – The gunpowder allows you to save your pack horse after it ingests a poisonous plant species.
Vasculum – A vasculum is a botanist’s specimen collecting case. Vasculums were frequently used in the late 1800s and early 1900s.
During this adventure, it is your goal to collect the plant species found along the way and place them into your vasculum. When placed in your vasculum, information on the species will be shown. Be sure to write down important information in your log journal.
Garibaldi Map – This is your map. Combined with the virtual compass you should be able to tell where you are and what direction you are facing. Using these two items and the barometer will allow you to become familiar with the geography of Garibaldi Park.
Roll your cursor over the map icon to view a more detailed map. The map will show you the path you have traveled (the red pathway) and where you are (the blinking yellow star).
Visual activities:
View John Davidson’s log journal for the 1927 trip. Note that trip planning included times of travel, food and supply costs and the names of travelers. Davidson also noted altitudes of significant sites and location of plants encountered. Colours of plants were recorded using a standardized colour chart. Read more log journals by visiting the in-depth study area of this site.
For the activity summary of the Garibaldi notebook, please see the 1927 Garibaldi Notebook.
Lantern Slide Projector – This is a lantern slide projector or a “magic lantern”. These projectors were used until the late 1930s to project images onto walls or canvas for group presentations.
If you see a magic lantern during your hike, roll your cursor over it and view John Davidson’s personal lantern slides of Garibaldi Park. The slides will relate to where you are or what plant species are present. Some lanterns may show multiple slides. If there is more than one slide in a show, an arrow will indicate for you to keep your cursor over the lantern to view the next slide.
Collecting plant specimens – During this adventure, it is your goal to collect the plant species found along the way and place them into your vasculum. When placed in your vasculum, information on the species will be shown. You can collect 17 samples of species of herbaceous plants on your journey through Garibaldi Park and 9 samples of species of trees on your journey through Garibaldi Park. Roll your cursor over the icons to magnify.
Comparison of photos from present-day and the early 1900s – During your journey, note the difference between the extent of the glaciers in the early 1900s lantern slides and the present-day photographs.
Transportation to Garibaldi Park:
Union Steamship and Train:
Boat leaves for Squamish at 7:00am
Boat arrives back in Vancouver at 9:00pm
Trains from Squamish to Daisy Lake: Monday, Thursday, Saturday, Sunday
Trains from Daisy Lake to Squamish: Wednesday, Saturday, Sunday
Tickets: Boat and train combined – $3.65/person
Note: ticket prices are from 1927
Union Steamship leaves from Burrard Inlet and travels up Howe Sound, passed Bowen Island and Gambier Island, all the way to Squamish.
The train leaves the next day from Squamish all the way to Daisy Lake (500m in elevation).
Species List I
From Daisy Lake to The Barrier to Garibaldi Lake and part way to Black Tusk Meadows
Lowest altitude = 400m
Highest altitude = 1500m
Adiantum pedatum
Aquilegia formosa
Clintonia uniflora
Lupinus arcticus
Mimulus guttatus
Rhododendron albiflorum
Vaccinium caespitosum
Abies lasiocarpa
Chamaecyparis nootkatensis
Pinus albicaulis
Pinus monticola
Pseudotsuga menziesii
Thuja plicata
Tsuga heterophylla
Species List II
From between Garibaldi Lake and Black Tusk Meadows to Black Tusk Meadows, up the Black Tusk and down to Helm Lake, Mimulus Lake, and Black Tusk Lake, then up Panorama Ridge.
Lowest altitude = 1600m
Highest altitude = 2313m
Anemone occidentalis
Castilleja miniata
Chamerion latifolium
Erythronium grandiflorum
Phlox diffusa
Phyllodoce emptriformis
Polystichum lonchitis
Saxifraga mertensiana
Saxifraga tolmiei
Veratrum viride
Abies lasiocarpa
Tsuga mertensiana
Hiking in Garibaldi Park:
1.) Arrival in Daisy Lake
Aneroid Barometer reading: 400m
Compass: southeast
Additional descriptions: You and your fellow hikers have arrived at Daisy Lake (elevation: 400m). There is a trail leading into the forest at the southern end of the lake. Look at your map to see where you are and your compass to see which direction you will be heading.
Archives:
Lantern slides:
1.) Name: Daisy Lake Station?
Web Site Accession Number: 2005.680.515
2.) Beginning of the lower subalpine zone (forest)
Aneroid Barometer reading: 750m
Compass: southeast
Plants found: Pseudotsuga menziesii, Thuja plicata
Additional descriptions: You are now in the lower subalpine biotic zone which consists mainly of forest trees such as Thuja plicata (western red cedar), Pseudotsuga menziesii (Douglas Fir), Abies amabilis (Pacific silver fir) and Tsuga heterophylla (Western Hemlock). The sparse understory consists of Rhododendron albiflorum (white rhododendron) and a common herb, Clintonia uniflora (queen’s cup). This biotic zone stretches from Daisy Lake Station to the top of the Barrier, which stands at an elevation of 1500m.
3.) Small creek cascading through lower subalpine forest
Aneroid Barometer reading: 1000m
Compass: southeast
Plants found: Clintonia uniflora, Rhododendron albiflorum
4.) Small creek cascading through lower subalpine forest
Aneroid Barometer reading: 1250m
Compass: southeast
Plants found: Tsuga heterophylla, Adiantum pedatum
5.) The Barrier
Aneroid Barometer reading: 1500m
Compass: east
Additional descriptions: The Barrier is a volcanic rock wall that reaches 1500m in elevation. It was formed when lava flows from the volcanoes of Mount Price and Clinker Peak cooled against a glacial ice sheet thousands of years ago. The waters of Garibaldi Lake are dammed behind this 300m thick, 2km wide wall. In 1855, a massive rockslide from The Barrier formed a large boulder field below it, which gave Rubble Creek its name. The area below The Barrier is unsafe for human activity due to instability.
Archives:
Lantern Slides:
1.) Name: At the “Barrier”
Web Site Accession Number: 2005.680.567
2.) Name: The “Barrier”
Web Site Accession Number: 2005.680.568
6.) Lesser Garibaldi Lake
Aneroid barometer reading: 1500m
Compass: east
7.) Western shore of Garibaldi Lake
Aneroid Barometer reading: 1500m
Compass: east
Plants found: Mimulus guttatus
8.) Garbaldi Lake Outlet – where the waters of Garibaldi Lake become Rubble Creek
Aneroid Barometer reading: 1500m
Compass: south
Plants found: Chamaecyparis nootkatensis
9.) Western shore of Garibaldi Lake – view of Sphinx Glacier
Aneroid Barometer reading: 1500m
Compass: south
10.) A battleship island including a man-made causeway with the Black Tusk in the distance
Aneroid Barometer reading: 1500m
Compass: north
Plants found: Pinus albicaulis
Additional descriptions: The Battleship Islands are a series of lava outcrops along the northwestern shore of Garibaldi Lake. Some of these islands have been connected to the shore by man-made stone causeways.
11.) Beginning of the upper subalpine forest
Aneroid Barometer reading: 1500m
Compass: north
Plants found: Abies amabilis
12.) Upper subalpine forest with alpine meadows
Aneroid Barometer reading: 1500m
Compass: north
Plants found: Lupinus arcticus subsp. subalpinus
13.) Trail from Garibaldi Lake towards the Black Tusk
Aneroid Barometer reading: 1500m
Compass: north
Plants found: Aquilegia formosa
14.) Upper subalpine forest with alpine meadows
Aneroid Barometer reading: 1500m
Compass: north
Plants found: Vaccinium caespitosum
15.) View of Black Tusk
Aneroid Barometer reading: 1500m
Compass: north
Plants found: Pinus monticola
Zoom: close up view of The Black Tusk
16.) The Black Tusk
Aneroid Barometer reading: 1600m
Compass: north
Plants found: Tsuga mertensiana
17.) Hoary Marmot
Aneroid Barometer reading: 1750m
Compass: north
Audio: Place your cursor on the hoary marmot to hear its call!
18.) Trail from Garibaldi Lake towards the Black Tusk
Aneroid Barometer reading: 1750m
Compass: north
Zoom: close up view of The Black Tusk
19.) Dead alpine tree under the Black Tusk
Aneroid Barometer reading: 1750m
Compass: north
20.) Upper subalpine forest with alpine meadows
Aneroid Barometer reading: 1750m
Compass: west
Plants found: Phyllodoce empetriformis
Archives:
Lantern Slides:
1.) Name: Flowers – (Bryanthus) Empet.
Web Site Accession Number: 2005.680.583
21.) Tantalus Mountain Range
Aneroid Barometer reading: 1750m
Compass: west
Archives:
Lantern Slides:
1.) Name: Tantalus Range from Black Tusk Slopes
Web Site Accession Number: 2005.680.555
22.) Fields of wild flowers in the Black Tusk Meadows
Aneroid Barometer reading: 1750m
Compass: east
Plants found: Castilleja miniata
23.) Field of Anemone occidentalis in the Black Tusk Meadows
Aneroid Barometer reading: 1750m
Compass: east
Plants found: Anemone occidentalis
Archives:
Lantern Slides:
1.) Name: Tow-headed Babies
Web Site Accession Number: 2005.680.573
2.) Name: Anemone occidentalis
Web Site Accession Number: 2005.680.575
24.) Slopes at base of the Black Tusk covered with Abies lasiocarpa
Aneroid Barometer reading: 1800m
Compass: northeast
Plants found: Erythronium grandiflorum, Abies lasiocarpa
Archives:
Lantern Slides:
1.) Name: Erythronium
Web Site Accession Number: 2005.680.584
25.) A ptarmigan on the rocks of the Black Tusk
Aneroid Barometer reading: 1900m
Compass: northeast
Archives:
Lantern Slides:
1.) Name: Two Ptarmigan
Web Site Accession Number: 2007.660.260
Audio: Place your cursor on the ptarmigan to hear its call!
26.) View of Helm Glacier from the Black Tusk
Aneroid Barometer reading: 2000m
Compass: northwest
Archives:
Lantern Slides:
1.) Name: On Helmet Glacier
Web Site Accession Number: 2005.680.554
2.) Name: Bergschrund on Helmet Glacier
Web Site Accession Number: 2005.680.534
3.) Name: Crevasse, Helmet Glacier
Web Site Accession Number: 2005.680.535
4.) Name: Sampson in Crevasse
Web Site Accession Number: 2005.680.531
Zoom: close up view of Helm Glacier, close up of a glacier crevasse
27.) On the rocks of the Black Tusk
Aneroid Barometer reading: 2150m
Compass: northwest
Plants found: Phlox diffusa
Archives:
Lantern Slides:
1.) Name: Phlox douglasii
Web Site Accession Number: 2005.680.566
28.) View of Garibaldi Lake, Mount Garibaldi and The Table from The Black Tusk
Aneroid Barometer reading: 2150m
Compass: northwest
29.) Rocky slopes of the Black Tusk
Aneroid Barometer reading: 2250m
Compass: northwest
30.) On the Black Tusk
Aneroid Barometer reading: 2300m
Compass: southwest
Archives:
Lantern Slides:
1.) Name: Black Tusk Glacier
Web Site Accession Number: 2005.680.563
31.) At the base of the Black Tusk, looking at Panorama Ridge and Black Tusk Lake
Aneroid Barometer reading: 1750m
Compass: east
Plants found: Veratrum viride
Archives:
Lantern Slides:
1.) Name: Veratrum viride
Web Site Accession Number: 2005.680.626
2.) Name: Pack Horses
Web Site Accession Number: 2007.660.156
Documents: “Jim Slatter (Cook) informed me that it was a common habit to carry a flask of gunpowder as an antidote against the horses being poisoned by eating Veratrum viride. I presume the Pot. Nitrate may have something to do with counteracting the Veratrum.”
Zoom: field of Veratrum viride
Additional descriptions: Your pack horse has eaten this toxic plant species and is suffering deadly symptoms. Your horse must ingest gunpowder to survive. Drag the gunpowder onto the horse. Your pack horse will survive!
32.) The Black Tusk
Aneroid Barometer reading: 1750m
Compass: east
Zoom: close up of the Black Tusk
33.) Between the Black Tusk and Panorama Ridge, looking at Helm Lake and Helm Peak
Aneroid Barometer reading: 1750m
Archives:
Lantern Slides:
1.) Name: Helmet Valley – Desolate
Web Site Accession Number: 2005.680.548
2.) Name: Helmet Peak and Glacier
Web Site Accession Number: 2005.680.527
34.) Between the Black Tusk and Panorama Ridge, looking at Helm Lake
Aneroid Barometer reading: 1750m
Compass: south
Plants found: Saxifraga tolmiei
Archives:
Lantern Slides:
1.) Name: Saxifraga tolmieae (tolmiei)
Web Site Accession Number: 2005.680.579
35.) View of Helm Lake from the base of Panorama Ridge
Aneroid Barometer reading: 1800m
Compass: south
36.) View of Black Tusk Lake and Mimulus Lake from the base of Panorama Ridge
Aneroid Barometer reading: 1800m
Compass: south
37.) A view of Black Tusk Lake, Mimulus Lake and the Black Tusk from higher on Panorama Ridge
Aneroid Barometer reading: 1900m
Compass: south
Archives:
Lantern Slides:
1.) Name: Black Tusk and Helm Lake, Crater
Web Site Accession Number: 2005.680.533
38.) Looking south down the valley between Panorama Ridge and the Black Tusk
Aneroid Barometer reading: 2000m
Compass: south
Plants found: Chamerion latifolium, Polystichum lonchitis
39.) View of the valley between the Black Tusk and Panorama Ridge from the top of Panorama Ridge
Aneroid Barometer reading: 2021m
Compass: south
Plants found: Saxifraga mertensiana
Archives:
Lantern Slides:
1.) Name: Snow Cornice – Panorama Ridge
Web Site Accession Number: 2005.680.549
Additional descriptions: The Black Tusk reaches a height of 2315m and is considered to be a remnant of a stratovolcano. It has been suggested that it is the exposed hard lava core revealed after the loose cinder eroded away.
You have collected your last plant specimen. When you get back to camp don’t forget to press and preserve your collections.
40.) View of Garibaldi Lake, Mount Garibaldi and The Table after turning 180 degrees on the top of Panorama Ridge
Aneroid Barometer reading: 2021m
Archives:
Lantern Slides:
1.) Name: Sentinel, Garibaldi, and Table
Web Site Accession Number: 2005.680.545
2.) Name: Flowery Panorama
Web Site Accession Number: 2005.680.576
3.) Name: Garibaldi Lake
Web Site Accession Number: 2005.680.444
Zoom: close up view of The Table and Mount Garibaldi, aerial view of The Table.
Additional descriptions: The Table is 2021m in elevation and 530m above Garibaldi Lake. It has been proposed that it formed when magma melted a vertical pipe with a flat upper edge in the overlying ice sheet thousands of years ago. Another explanation for its formation is the same geological process thought to have created the Black Tusk.
Species description:
Species name: Pseudotsuga menziesii
Common name: Douglas-fir
Family: Pinaceae
This tree is common up to 1300m in Garibaldi Park.
Species name: Thuja plicata
Common name: western red cedar
Family: Cupressaceae
This species is common in wetter areas up to 1200m.
Species name: Tsuga heterophylla
Common name: western hemlock
Family: Pinaceae
This tree is abundant in Garibaldi Park below 1300m
Species name: Adiantum pedatum
Common name: maidenhair fern
Family: Pteridaceae
This fern is found in a variety of moist, open to partly shady sites, such as meadows, rocky slopes, forest glades, clearings and roadsides. It is common from the lowlands to timberline.
Species name: Clintonia uniflora
Common name: queens’s cup
Family: Liliaceae
This lily is found on the moist forest floor and in forest openings. It is widely distributed and often abundant at low to subalpine elevations. In Garibaldi park it is abundant up to 1300m.
Species name: Rhododendron albiflorum
Common name: Cascade azalea, white rhododendron
Family: Ericaceae
This shrub is characteristic of mid-montane slopes from 1200 to 1800m.
Species name: Mimulus guttatus
Common name: yellow monkey-flower
Family: Phrymaceae
This species grows on wet ledges, on weeping rock faces, in seepage areas, along streams, near springs, and in wet ditches and in clearings. It is common from lowlands to high elevations in the mountains. In Garibaldi Park it is found in the wet areas around Garibaldi Lake.
Species name: Chamaecyparis nootkatensis
Common name: Alaska cedar, Nootka cypress
Family: Cupressaceae
This conifer is found throughout the upper forest zone (1500-1800m), though not abundant.
Species name: Pinus albicaulis
Common name: whitebark pine
Family: Pinaceae
This pine is commonly found around the rocky shores of Garibaldi Lake and in the Black Tusk Meadows.
Species name: Abies amabilis
Common name: Pacific silver fir
Family: Pinaceae
This species is a characteristic tree of the upper forest zone (1000-1800m). Above 1600m it usually occurs on exposed slopes such as Panorama Ridge. This species, however, is not commonly found in the Black Tusk Meadows.
Species name: Lupinus arcticus subsp. subalpinus
Common name: arctic lupine
Family: Fabaceae
Abundant from 1220m to above 2200m, this herb is found in forest openings, subalpine meadows, moraine areas and rocky slopes above timberline. It can occasionally produce such a prominent display that an entire slope will be tinged blue from afar.
Species name: Aquilegia formosa
Common name: red columbine
Family: Ranunculaceae
This species is found in a variety of moist, open to partly shady sites, such as meadows, rocky slopes, forest glades, and clearings. It is common from the lowlands to timberline. It can occasionally be found on the Garibaldi trail, in the Black Tusk Meadows and near the Sphinx moraines.
Species name: Vaccinium caespitosum
Common name: dwarf blueberry
Family: Ericaceae
This shrub is common on slopes above 1400m. It is found near Garibaldi Lake, in the Black Tusk Meadows and on Panorama Ridge.
Species name: Pinus monticola
Common name: western white pine
Family: Pinaceae
This species is found scattered throughout Garibaldi Park at elevations up to 1500m.
Species name: Tsuga mertensiana
Common name: mountain hemlock
Family: Pinaceae
This conifer is a subalpine species associated with long winters and deep snowpacks. It often occurs up to the timberline and in subalpine parkland. It is a principal species above 1700m in Garibaldi Park, but not as abundant as Abies lasiocarpa.
Species name: Phyllodoce emptriformis
Common name: red mountain heather
Family: Ericaceae
This species grows in subalpine to alpine heath. Occasionally, it can be found in cold coniferous forests on rocky sites or in seepage areas. It is a characteristic species of open acidic slopes, often forming an extensive ground cover at 1300m.
Species name: Castilleja miniata
Common name: common red paintbrush
Family: Scrophulariaceae
This species is generally located within grassy slopes, dry meadows, forest openings and forest edges at low to middle elevations. In Garibaldi Park, it is found in the Black Tusk meadows.
Species name: Anemone occidentalis
Common name: western anemone
Family: Ranunculaceae
This species is generally located in Garibaldi Park’s meadows, grassy or rocky slopes and grassy glades in subalpine thickets. It is a characteristic species of meadows and slopes near and above timberline to 2300m.
Species name: Abies lasiocarpa
Common name: subalpine fir
Family: Pinaceae
Above 1600m, this tree species is abundant. It reaches the highest elevations of all trees in Garibaldi Park.
Species name: Erythronium grandiflorum
Common name: yellow avalanche lily
Family: Liliaceae
This species grows in moist open areas such as meadows, avalanche tracks and subalpine parkland from middle to alpine elevations above 1700m. It blooms soon after the snow melts.
Species name: Phlox diffusa
Common name: spreading phlox
Family: Polemoniaceae
This species in found on open rocky slopes, scree, talus, rock outcrops, and open forest from middle to high elevations. In Garibaldi Park, it is common above timberline in areas such as Panorama Ridge, Black Tusk and Empetrum Peak.
Species name: Chamerion latifolium
Common name: red willow-herb, dwarf fireweed
Family: Onagraceae
This species grows on sandy or gravelly soils of riverbars, streambanks and roadsides on drier high elevation slopes. It is commonly found on talus scree. In Garibaldi Park, it is found on subalpine slopes, in the Black Tusk meadows and on the Helm and Sphinx Glacier moraines.
Species name: Veratrum viride
Common name: false hellebore
Family: Liliaceae
This species is found in wet thickets, meadows, bogs, and swamps.. It is most abundant at subalpine elevations in cold wet meadows or near late snowmelt patches in the forest. In Garibaldi Park, it is common from 1200m to over 2000m in the Black Tusk Meadows and around Garibaldi Lake.
Species name: Saxifraga tolmiei
Common name: Tolmie’s saxifrage
Family: Saxifragaceae
This species grows in moist talus, scree and rock crevices. It receives its water from melting snow. It is a common species at high elevations and is abundant around the Black Tusk Lake and Helm Glacier Moraines.
Species name: Polystichum lonchitis
Common name: northern hollyfern
Family: Dryopteridaceae
This fern is found above Black Tusk Lake on Stoney Ridge at 2000m.
Species name: Saxifraga mertensiana
Common name: wood saxifrage
Family: Saxifragaceae
This species grows from sea level to subalpine elevations. It can be found on rocky slopes and wet ledges. It is commonly found on Panorama Ridge in Garibaldi Park.
Quiz:
Garibaldi Park Knowledge Challenge
Multiple Choice:
1.) Which species of tree in the family Cupressaceae grows in Garibaldi Park from Daisy Lake to the Barrier (altitude 600m – 1300m)?
Tsuga mertensiana (mountain hemlock)
Chamaecyparis nootkatensis (Alaska cedar or Nootka cypress)
Thuja plicata (western red cedar)
Pinus albicaulis (whitebark pine)
2.) Which two species belong to the same plant family?
Saxifraga mertensiana and Tsuga mertensiana
Adiantum pedatum and Polystichum lonchitus
Veratrum viride and Chamerion latifolium
Clintonia uniflora and Erythronium grandiflorum
3.) Which plant species is highly poisonous if ingested and not treated, resulting in lost consciousness followed by death?
Veratrum viride
Phlox diffusa
Castilleja miniata
Aquilegia formosa
4.) Which tree species is most abundant above the timberline in Garibaldi Park?
Tsuga heterophylla
Pseudotsuga menziezii
Abies lasiocarpa
Chamaecyparis nootkatensis
5.) What was responsible for the formation of The Barrier?
Plate tectonics lifting the rock upwards
Lava flow meeting the cold ice of a glacier front
Many years of heavy erosion
A massive rockslide
6.) Which species has the common name of dwarf fireweed because it can establish readily in highly disturbed sites, e.g., after forest fires?
Rhododendron albiflorum
Chamerion latifolium
Phlox diffusa
Castilleja miniata
7.) A vasculum is used for:
A storage place for notes while hiking
A place to put garbage while hiking
Collecting plant specimens in the field
Preserving a plant specimen
8.) A compass is used for:
Measuring air pressure
Determining direction
Reading light intensity
Determining the weather
9.) What caused the formation of the Black Tusk?
A volcanic plug left over from the erosion of the outer walls of a volcano
Uplift caused by plate tectonics
Alpine glaciation carving a mountaintop
None of the above
10.) An aneroid barometer is not used for:
Determining the weather
Determining the air pressure
Determining the altitude
Determining direction
11.) What geological processes have been proposed to cause the formation of The Table?
Uplift caused by plate tectonics
A volcanic plug left over from the erosion of the outer walls of a volcano
Lava melting a cylindrical tube in a glacier and flattening due to gravity
Two of the above (2 and 3)
12.) Where would you find the species Mimulus guttatus growing?
On the forest floor between Daisy lake and The Barrier
Growing in the wet areas around Garibaldi Lake
In Black Tusk Meadows
On Panorama Ridge
13.) What are the names of the three lakes between the Black Tusk and Panorama Ridge?
Black Tusk Lake, Mimulus Lake and Garibaldi Lake
Helm Lake, Garibaldi Lake, Barrier Lake
Garibaldi Lake, Barrier Lake, Lesser Garibaldi Lake
Black Tusk Lake, Mimulus Lake and Helm Lake
Visual Matching:
14.) Click on the species which has the common name of red paintbrush
Castilleja miniata
Veratrum viride
Aquilegia formosa
Vaccinium caespitosum
15, 16, 17, 18.) Match the related tree species by dragging species from the top row onto the species in the bottom row.
Nootka cypress = western red cedar
sublpine fir = Pacific silver fir
western white pine = whitebark pine
mountain hemlock = western hemlock
19, 20, 21, 22.) Match the species with the altitude where it can be found.
Polystichum lonchitus = 2000m
Lupinus arcticus = 1450m
Saxifraga tolmiei = 1800m
Rhododendron albiflorum = 1250m
23, 24, 25, 26.) Match the plant species with the biotic zoned they are found in.
Castilleja miniata = Alpine Meadow
Phlox diffusa = Alpine Zone
Phyllodoce empetriformis = Upper Subalpine Forest
Clintonia uniflora = Lower Subalpine Forest
27, 28, 29, 30.) Match the tree branches with the trees to which they belong.
Abies lasiocarpa = #1
Pseudotsuga menziesii = #3
Tsuga mertensiana = #4
Chamaecyparis nootkatensis = #2
Certificate:
John Davidson Botanical Society
This certifies that [enter your name] successfully completed the virtual hike through Garibaldi Provincial Park and learned about the native plant species of southwestern British Columbia and the geographical features of Garibaldi Park thus having shown proficiency in botany and geography, is hereby awarded the title of Junior Botanist and Geographer.
John Davidson
President